BMS100 Past Test Questions
Chapter 19, Spring 2010
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  1. The purpose of meiosis is to
    1. produce sperm and ova ("eggs") with twenty three (23) chromosomes each
    2. provide sperm cells, which are very small, with nutrients for survival
    3. keep the corpus luteum alive following ovulation
    4. split the zygote into two identical cells

  2. The seminiferous tubules of the testes produce
    1. sperm cells
    2. testosterone and other hormones
    3. most of the fluid that constitutes semen
    4. all of the above

  3. The "descent of the testes"
    1. normally occurs prior to birth, in order to bring the testes to a cooler environment
    2. normally occurs after birth but prior to adolescence, in order to bring the testes closer to the penis
    3. normally occurs throughout life, in order to protect the testes from extremes of temperature
    4. is an abnormal event that sometimes occurs as a result of heavy lifting, etc.

  4. What is the function of the enzymes in the acrosome in the "head" of a sperm cell?
    1. metabolize carbohydrates to provide energy for "swimming"
    2. stimulate muscle layers of vas deferens, etc., to "push" sperm
    3. neutralize acid in reproductive systems of male and female
    4. digest covering of an oocyte ("egg") and create a "hole"

  5. In the area posterior to ("behind") the bladder, there are functional connections between all of the following except the
    1. vas deferens
    2. seminal vesicles
    3. prostate gland
    4. ureters
    5. urethra

  6. The seminal vesicles
    1. produce most of the volume of fluid commonly called "semen"
    2. produce a substance that causes semen to be slightly acidic
    3. produce a substance that causes semen to be slightly alkaline
    4. both A. and B.
    5. both A. and C.

  7. In males, the urethra is partially located within the
    1. penis
    2. prostate gland
    3. both of the above
    4. none of the above

  8. Erection is caused mainly by
    1. filling of spaces in the penis with blood
    2. filling of spaces in the penis with seminal fluid
    3. pressurization of spaces in the penis by the prostate gland
    4. pressurization of spaces in the penis by the seminal vesicles

  9. What structure(s) produce(s) oocytes?
    1. cervical crypts
    2. ovarian follicles
    3. interstitial cells
    4. stratum functionalis of endometrium

  10. Which statement is true?
    1. Ovulation results in an entire follicle being discharged from an ovary.
    2. Ovulation results in discharge of part of a follicle from an ovary, but the remainder of the follicle has no function and it quickly disintegrates.
    3. Ovulation results in discharge of part of a follicle from an ovary, and the remainder of the follicle develops into the corpus luteum, which secretes hormones.
    4. Ovulation results in discharge of part of a follicle from an ovary, and the remainder of the follicle develops into the endometrium, in which implantation occurs.

  11. Which statement is true?
    1. The ovaries are completely surrounded by the uterine tubes.
    2. The uterine tubes are lined by a mucous membrane with cilia that propel the oocyte/embryo.
    3. Both of the above.
    4. None of the above.

  12. What process or processes normally occur(s) in a uterine tube?
    1. fertilization
    2. implantation
    3. both of the above
    4. none of the above

  13. The endometrium is one of the layers of
    1. an ovarian follicle
    2. a uterine tube
    3. the uterine wall
    4. the vaginal wall

  14. What is the approximate age of the embryo at the time of implantation?
    1. approx. 24 hours
    2. approx. 48 hours
    3. approx. 6 days
    4. approx. 14 days
    5. approx. 28 days

  15. A zygote normally contains
    1. sperm nucleus with 23 chromosomes plus an ovum nucleus with 23 chromosomes
    2. one nucleus with 23 chromosomes
    3. one nucleus with 46 chromosomes
    4. multiple nuclei, each with 46 chromosomes

  16. "Brain-endocrine axis" refers to a system of interactions between the brain, the endocrine glands, and the
    1. exocrine glands
    2. anterior pituitary
    3. posterior pituitary
    4. target cells that respond to endocrine hormones

  17. Normally, high levels of thyroid hormone will
    1. cause the thyroid follicles to enlarge
    2. increase the absorption of iodine from the small intestine
    3. increase the secretion (release) of additional thyroid hormone
    4. decrease the secretion (release) of additional thyroid hormone

  18. The "negative feedback" effects of testosterone and progesterone are aimed primarily at the
    1. ovaries and testes
    2. ova and sperm
    3. pituitary gland
    4. none of the above (testosterone and progesterone have no known "negative feedback" effects)

  19. Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone are called gonadotropins because they
    1. are produced by all endocrine glands as part of the "brain-endocrine axis"
    2. are produced by gonads (ovaries and testes)
    3. are produced only in pregnant females
    4. affect the functions of gonads (ovaries and testes)

  20. Testosterone and related androgens
    1. stimulate development of male reproductive organs
    2. cause male secondary sex characteristics that are not necessary for reproduction
    3. both of the above
    4. none of the above

  21. Which hormone appears to be most important for causing puberty in females?
    1. oxytocin
    2. estrogen(s)
    3. luteinizing hormone (LH)
    4. none of the above hormones appear to be important for causing puberty in females

  22. During Week One of the ovarian cycle,
    1. hCG causes follicles to "grow" and to begin secreting progesterone
    2. progesterone causes follicles to "rupture" (ovulation) and to begin secreting hCG
    3. follicle stimulating hormone causes follicles to "grow" and to begin secreting estrogens
    4. follicle stimulating hormone causes follicles to "rupture" (ovulation) and to begin secreting hCG

  23. Important changes that occur during Week Two of the ovarian cycle include
    1. the "LH surge," which causes menstruation
    2. the "LH surge," which causes estrogen levels to rise
    3. rising estrogen levels, which occur prior to the "LH surge"
    4. rising estrogen levels, which causes implantation

  24. In a 28 day cycle, the "LH surge" occurs around day _?_ and is the cause of _?_.
    1. 7 / follicle development
    2. 7 / ovulation
    3. 14 / ovulation
    4. 14 / menstruation
    5. 21 / menstruation

  25. During Week Three of the ovarian cycle, the endometrium is prepared for implantation by _?_, which is secreted by the _?_.
    1. hCG / pituitary gland
    2. progesterone / corpus luteum
    3. follicle stimulating hormone / embryo
    4. follicle stimulating hormone / pituitary gland

  26. High levels of estrogens and progesterone are likely to
    1. cause menstruation
    2. maintain the corpus luteum
    3. cause maturation of multiple follicles
    4. none of the above

  27. A decrease in progesterone
    1. normally occurs during Week Four in women who are not pregnant
    2. results in deterioration of the endometrium and menstruation
    3. prevents the pituitary gland from releasing follicle stimulating hormone
    4. both A. and B.
    5. all of the above

  28. Which hormone is produced only by embryos and is needed in order to sustain a pregnancy?
    1. luteinizing hormone (LH)
    2. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
    3. follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
    4. all of the above, depending on the stage of the pregnancy

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