Biomed 100 Practice Quiz
Chapter 3, Spring 2008
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Multiple Choice - One Correct Choice Per Question
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  1. The cytoplasm is the only part of a cell that contains...
    1. organelles
      2.
    2. chromosomes
    3. phospholipids
    4. all of the above
    5. none of the above

  2. Each phospholipid molecule includes _?_ hydrophobic (water-insoluble) _?_.
    1. one / head
    2. one / tail
    3. two / heads
    4. two / tails
      5.

  3. Two layers of phospholipid molecules are present in...
    1. disaccharides.
    2. the double helix.
    3. the plasma membrane.
      4.
    4. all of the above
    5. none of the above

  4. The most direct means by which cells "identify" each other involves recognition (or lack of recognition) of...
    1. DNA / genes
    2. messenger RNA molecules
    3. glycoproteins ("sugar proteins") incorporated into plasma membranes
      4.

  5. Cells that have a high metabolic rate consume relatively large amounts of fuel and oxygen and are likely to contain greater-than-average numbers of _?_ per cell.
    1. chromosomes
    2. mitochondria
      3.
    3. both of the above
    4. none of the above

  6. When comparing DNA molecules, chromatin fibers, and chromosomes, _?_ are the thickest in diameter and _?_ are the thinnest in diameter.
    1. DNA molecules / chromatin fibers
    2. chromatin fibers / chromosomes
    3. chromatin fibers / DNA molecules
    4. chromosomes / chromatin fibers
    5. chromosomes / DNA molecules
      6.

  7. Which one of the following is considered a passive mechanism by which molecules may enter or leave a cell?
    1. diffusion
    2. osmosis
    3. both of the above
      4.
    4. none of the above

  8. _?_ molecules easily pass through membranes without the aid of a carrier, transporter, channel or "pump."
    1. ATP
    2. glucose
    3. carbon dioxide
      4.
    4. all of the above
    5. none of the above

  9. True or false? There is no known mechanism or process by which human cells can transport molecules or ions from regions of lower concentration to regions of higher concentration.
    1. True.
    2. False.

  10. Primary active transport utilizes "pumps" to transport _?_ into cells.
    1. ATP
    2. oxygen
    3. glucose
    4. sodium ions
    5. potassium ions
      6.

  11. Compared to the fluid that is inside cells, that fluid that is outside cells contains...
    1. a higher concentration of sodium and a lower concentration of potassium
      2.
    2. a higher concentration of potassium and a lower concentration of sodium
    3. equal amounts sodium and potassium

  12. For sodium, there is a "steep" or "large" diffusion gradient that favors the flow of sodium...
    1. into cells.
      2.
    2. out of cells.
    3. none of the above (sodium never diffuses into or out of cells)

  13. The fluid inside a brain cell is likely to contain...
    1. a greater oxygen pressure (concentration) than the fluid outside the cell.
    2. a lesser oxygen pressure (concentration) than the fluid outside the cell.
      3.
    3. the same oxygen pressure (concentration) as the fluid outside the cell.

  14. A specific, physical segment of a DNA molecule is a _?_ and it contains the information needed for the synthesis (production) of a _?_.
    1. gene / protein
      2.
    2. gene / base pair
    3. chromosome / gene
    4. chromosome / protein
    5. chromosome / base pair

  15. Cystic fibrosis involves
    1. inheritance of defective genes from both parents
    2. a defective "chloride channel" that normally would be able to transport chloride ions out of cells
    3. production of abnormally thick mucus that blocks passages in the lungs and pancreas
    4. all of the above
      5.
    5. none of the above

  16. In transcription, the information in a DNA molecule is used to produce _?_ that also contains information.
    1. a protein molecule
    2. another DNA molecule
    3. a messenger RNA molecule
      4.

  17. At any moment in time, the greatest number messenger RNA molecules are...
    1. moving into the nucleus of a cell
    2. moving out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm
      3.
    3. moving through the plasma membrane and into the cytoplasm
    4. moving through the plasma membrane and then completely out of the cell

  18. In disorders such as cystic fibrosis or sickle cell disease, why is the gene product (protein) defective?
    1. no messenger RNA produced
    2. messenger RNA is produced but carrying the "wrong" information
      3.
    3. process of transcription is defective
    4. process of translation is defective
    5. both C. and D.

  19. Within one individual, brain cells, liver cells, and kidney cells...
    1. are all derived from embryonic stem cells
    2. contain different genes
    3. contain identical genes, with different genes either activated or deactivated
    4. A. and B.
    5. A. and C.
      6.

  20. If you were viewing cells with a microscope, and you noticed that one cell contained visible chromosomes while those around it did not, what process is occuring in the cell with the visible chromosomes?
    1. osmosis
    2. mitosis
      3.
    3. DNA replication
    4. primary active transport

  21. During metaphase, when chromosomes are aligned on the cell equator, each chromosome consists of _?_ chromatids.
    1. 2
      2.
    2. 46
    3. approx. 50,000

  22. Given the following key:
    1 = DNA replicates
    2 = sister chromatids separate from each other
    3 = chromatin condenses into chromosomes (dense masses)
    4 = chromatids decondense into chromatin (diffuse threads)
    What is the correct sequence of events within one cell cycle?
    1. 1-2-3-4
    2. 1-3-2-4
      3.
    3. 2-3-1-4
    4. 3-1-4-2
    5. 4-1-2-3