BMS100 Past Test Questions
Chapter 9, Fall 2010

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1. The nucleus of a neuron
   1. is located in the cell body
   2. is noted for its high capacity for mitosis throughout life
   3. both of the above
   4. none of the above
   
   
2. It is common, especially in the brain, for a neuron to have a large number of
   1. axons
   2. dendrites
   3. cell bodies
   4. both A and C
   5. both B and C
   
   
3. The longest part of a neuron would usually be a(n)
   1. axon
   2. dendrite
   3. cell body
   
   
4. What is the sequence of parts of a neuron according to the direction in which nerve signals pass?
   1. axon to dendrites to cell body
   2. axon to cell body to dendrites
   3. dendrites to cell body to axon
   4. dendrites to axon to cell body
   5. cell body to dendrites to axon
   
   
5. A nerve is a bundle or collection of parallel _?_.
   1. axons
   2. dendrites
   3. cell bodies
   
   
6. What is the general term for nerves that are directly connected to the brain?
   1. cranial
   2. voluntary
   3. myelinated
   4. none of the above (no nerves are directly connected to the brain)
   
   
7. The peripheral nervous system includes _?_ pairs of spinal nerves.
   1. 12
   2. 31
   3. 43
   4. none of the above (the spinal nerves are not part of the peripheral nervous system)
   
   
8. Which statement is true?
   1. Vision, hearing, and other senses that arise in the head require the function of cranial nerves.
   2. The sensory and motor functions of the arms, hands, legs and feet require the function of spinal nerves.
   3. Both of the above.
   4. None of the above.
   
   
9. The spinal cord is considered part of the
   1. central nervous system
   2. peripheral nervous system
   
   
10. Which one of the following converts a stimulus into an electrical signal that can be processed by the nervous system?
    1. effector
    2. receptor
    3. interneuron
    4. myelin sheath
    
    
11. Which type of neuron receives signals from receptors?
    1. motor neuron
    2. sensory neuron
    3. interneuron
    4. all types of neurons receive signals from receptors
    
    
12. Interneurons
    1. are present in nerves
    2. are present in the central nervous system
    3. conduct signals from receptors to the central nervous system
    4. conduct signals from the central nervous system to effectors
    
    
13. When a neuron is "resting" (not conducting an action potential),
    1. its interior is electrically positive relative to its exterior
    2. its interior is electrically negative relative to its exterior
    3. its interior is neither positive nor negative relative to its exterior
    
    
14. In a nerve action potential,
    1. sodium gates open first, then potassium gates open
    2. potassium gates open first, then sodium gates open
    3. sodium gates and potassium gates open simultaneously
    
    
15. Which type of ion channel, when opened, causes a cell to become positive inside?
    1. sodium gate
    2. potassium gate
    3. both of the above
    4. none of the above
    
    
16. Which statement is true of reflexes?
    1. Reflexes are a simpler form of processing than is required for consciousness, language, etc.
    2. The processing involved to produce reflexes always occurs in the spinal cord (never in the brain).
    3. Reflexes generally include a sensory neuron and a motor neuron.
    4. Both A. and B.
    5. Both A. and C.
    
    
17. The general term for a cell that can produce electrical signals such as action potentials is
    1. striated
    2. voluntary
    3. excitable
    4. intercalated
    
    
18. Which one of the following is located in the "conscious" part of the brain?
    1. cell body of "upper neuron" involved in control of smooth muscle
    2. cell body of "lower neuron" involved in control of smooth muscle
    3. cell body of "upper neuron" involved in control of skeletal muscle
    4. cell body of "lower neuron" involved in control of skeletal muscle
    5. both C. and D.
    
    
19. Which part of a "lower neuron" (lower motor neuron) is entirely contained within the brain or spinal cord?
    1. cell body
    2. axon
    3. axon terminal
    4. all of the above
    5. none of the above
    
    
20. Which statement is true of neurological processing?
    1. Conscious processing occurs in gray matter; subconscious processing occurs in white matter.
    2. Conscious processing occurs in white matter; subconscious processing occurs in gray matter.
    3. All processing, whether conscious or subconscious, occurs in gray matter.
    4. All processing, whether conscious or subconscious, occurs in white matter.
    
    
21. Which statement is not true of the cerebral cortex?
    1. The cerebral cortex is a thin layer of gray matter on the surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres.
    2. The cerebral cortex contains various "functional areas" that are devoted to different functions.
    3. The cerebral cortex contains more area devoted to sensory functions than to any other type of function.
    4. The cerebral cortex is the site of all conscious thought and intelligence.
    
    
22. What is the function of the corpus callosum?
    1. "Filter" sensory input at the subconscious level.
    2. Connect right and left cerebral hemispheres to each other.
    3. Produce action potentials needed for breathing, blood pressure, etc.
    4. Produce action potentials needed for balance, efficient movements, etc.
    
    
23. The direct motor pathway needed to use muscles on the right side of the body originates in the
    1. right frontal lobe
    2. left frontal lobe
    3. right parietal lobe
    4. left parietal lobe
    5. right occipital lobe
    
    
24. What functional area(s) is/are required to speak in meaningful sentences?
    1. motor speech area (usually) located in left frontal lobe
    2. motor speech areas (usually) located in both frontal lobes
    3. Wernicke's area (usually) located in left parietal lobe
    4. both A. and C.
    5. both B. and C.
    
    
25. In which case is the primary sensory area correctly matched with the lobe that contains it?
    1. primary visual area - occipital lobe
    2. primary auditory area - temporal lobe
    3. general sensory area (sense of touch, etc.) - parietal lobe
    4. all of the above
    5. none of the above
    
    
26. The "vital centers" are
    1. specific brain areas that are required for vital functions such as breathing, blood pressure, etc.
    2. located in the hypothalamus
    3. both of the above
    4. none of the above
    
    
27. Signals that enter the indirect motor pathways
    1. help improve the coordination and efficiency of body movements
    2. are produced mainly by the thalamus
    3. are produced mainly by the cerebellum
    4. both A. and B.
    5. both A. and C.
    
    
28. Prior to reaching the conscious level, signals that were generated in the ears are subconsciously "pre-processed" in the
    1. thalamus
    2. hypothalamus
    3. corpus callosum
    4. none of the above
    
    
29. Which statement best describes the general function of the hypothalamus?
    1. Provide direct connection between two halves of thalamus.
    2. Management of "internal" functions such as digestion, hormone levels, etc.
    3. "Filtering" of sensory signals to allow concentration on important input only.
    4. Production of signals needed for automatic functions such as breathing, heartbeat, etc.
    
    

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