BMS100 Past Test Questions

BMS100 Past Test Questions
Chapter 2, Fall 2009
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How would a sodium ion differ from a potassium ion?
1. they would have different total numbers of protons and electrons
2. sodium ions are located inside cells, while potassium ions are located outside cells
3. sodium ions have a positive charge while potassium ions have a negative charge
4. the potassium ion would have more electrons in its outermost shell (orbit)
Most of the atoms in the human body
1. are organic
2. are stable whether or not bonded to other atoms
3. have formed bonds with other atoms
4. constantly have two or eight electrons in the outermost shells (orbits)
A sodium ion
1. has more electrons than it has protons
2. has fewer electrons than it has protons
3. is less stable than a sodium atom
4. both a. and c.
Hydrogen bonds
1. are present in hydrogen molecules only
2. are the strongest of all known chemical bonds
3. help hold together adjacent regions of DNA and protein molecules
4. cannot be broken without destroying the molecules of which they are a part
what chemical elements are present in ammonia?
1. carbon and oxygen
2. chlorine and sulfur
3. sodium and hydrogen
4. nitrogen and hydrogen
Human blood is normally very slightly alkaline (basic). What is a typical pH value for human blood?
1. 2.0
2. 6.6
3. 7.4
4. 12.0
The properties of an acid are caused by
1. having a high pH
2. high electrolyte concentrations
3. hydrogen ions (H⁺)
4. superoxide and other free radicals
Unstable elements usually achieve greater stability by gaining, losing, or sharing one or more _?_.
1. protons
2. electrons
3. substrates
4. electrolytes
The presence of sodium ions and chloride ions in water causes
1. elevation of the pH
2. depletion of the antioxidants
3. the bonds to become saturated
4. increase in electrical conductivity
In body fluids, the _?_ possess a negative charge.
1. calcium ions
2. chloride ions
3. potassium ions
4. all of the above
The chemical compounds that make up the greatest percentage of body weight are
1. protein, carbohydrates, and fat
2. protein, fat, and nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)
3. water, protein, and fat
4. water, carbohydrates, and fat
5. water, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)
In protein and DNA molecules
1. the carbon atoms have negative charges
2. the carbon atoms are completely "saturated" with hydrogen
3. covalent bonds exist between the carbon atoms and other atoms
4. there are no elements present other than carbon and hydrogen
Pure water
1. has a pH of zero (0)
2. contains no ionic bonds, covalent bonds, or hydrogen bonds
3. is considered by chemists to be organic
4. none of the above
Which one of the following has the greatest potential to neutralize an acid?
1. an antioxidant
2. a polyunsaturated compound
3. an alkaline substance (pH greater than 7)
4. any substance that produces hydrogen ions (H⁺)
What happens when sodium chloride is dissolved in water?
1. Electrons move from the chloride to the sodium.
2. The sodium ions and the chloride ions separate (are separated) from each other.
3. Both of the above.
4. None of the above.
Most of the energy needed by cells is usually supplied by
1. electrolytes
2. protein
3. carbohydrates
4. triglycerides
Glucose is
1. a monosaccharide
2. also known as blood sugar
3. the only fuel that brain cells can normally use
4. all of the above
Glycogen is
1. produced only in plants
2. very similar to starch in chemical structure
3. strongly associated with cardiovascular disease
4. all of the above
Triglycerides do not dissolve in water and therefore belong to the category known as
1. inorganic
2. complex carbohydrates
3. lipids
4. nucleic acids
The triglycerides include
1. fat, such as fat on meat or a human body
2. oils, such as corn oil, olive oil, canola oil, etc.
3. steroids, such as cholesterol, testosterone, progesterone, etc.
4. both A. and B.
5. all of the above
Each triglyceride contains three
1. amino acids
2. fatty acids
3. glucose units
4. nucleotide bases
A saturated fatty acid
1. contains the maximum number of hydrogen atoms (H) possible
2. would probably be solid at room temperature
3. would probably be liquid at room temperature
4. both A. and B.
5. both A. and C.
Which one of the following contains the greatest number of calories per gram?
1. carbohydrates
2. protein
3. triglycerides
4. both A. and C. (they are approximately equal)
Which one of the following is false?
1. Steroids are organic compounds that belong to the lipid category.
2. Steroids include cholesterol, testosterone, progesterone and estrogens
3. Steroids are naturally produced in the body whether or not they are ingested.
4. In the body, most steroids function as enzymes.
Which one of the following is not a function of proteins?
1. contributing to the structure of the body (collagen, etc.)
2. in blood, transport of oxygen (hemoglobin)
3. neutralization of viruses, foreign cells, etc. (antibodies)
4. function as "pumps" that transport sodium ions, potassium ions, etc., into or out of cells
5. function as "messengers" that carry information from nucleus to cytoplasm
Amino acids and proteins contain the element _?_, which is not present in carbohydrates or triglycerides.
1. carbon
2. hydrogen
3. oxygen
4. nitrogen
How many different types of amino acids are found in protein molecules?
1. 3
2. 4
3. 20
4. variable, but usually in the hundreds
Each specific protein, such as hemoglobin,
1. is a long chain of identical amino acid units.
2. contains exactly one of each of the amino acids.
3. contains one or more of each of the different amino acids, in a random (unordered) sequence.
4. contains one or more of each of the different amino acids, in a specific, predetermined sequence.
What type of molecule has the most complex three-dimensional conformation?
1. DNA
2. protein
3. triglyceride
4. complex carbohydrate
Carbohydrates and nucleic acids such as DNA each constitute approximately _?_% of body weight.
1. 15%
2. 10%
3. 5%
4. less than 3%

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