BMS100 Past Test Questions

BMS100 Past Test Questions
Chapter 2, Fall 2008
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The term "metabolism" most correctly refers to
1. the production of heat in an organism
2. the conversion of carbohydrates and fats to carbon dioxide
3. chemical reactions in which large molecules are built up
4. chemical reactions in which large molecules are broken down
5. all chemical reactions in an organism
True or false? It is a law of physiology that no organism can produce new body materials faster than the older, existing ones are broken down or worn out.
1. True.
2. False.
Atoms are best described as
1. the smallest complete units of a chemical element such as iron, carbon, etc.
2. stable particles because the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons
3. the particles that conduct electricity in body fluids
4. particles that dissolve into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions when mixed with water
Which compound contains ionic bonds that are broken when the compound is dissolved in water?
1. glucose
2. sodium chloride
3. saturated fatty acid
4. polyunsaturated fatty acid
The pH of blood is approximately 7.4, which means that
1. blood contains more positive ions than negative ions
2. blood contains more negative ions that positive ions
3. blood is exactly neutral
4. blood is slightly acidic
5. blood is slightly basic (alkaline)
In oxygen gas and water molecules, the sharing of electrons between atoms makes the molecules
1. more stable
2. less stable
3. electrically charged
4. organic
5. electrolytes
The presence of ions such as sodium ions and potassium ions in body fluids causes the fluids to
1. be acidic
2. have a high pH
3. be able to conduct electricity
4. contribute to disease and premature aging
In the compound calcium phosphate, which is abundant in bone tissue, the calcium is _?_ and the phosphate is _?_.
1. calcium is acidic / phosphate is basic
2. calcium is organic / phosphate in inorganic
3. calcium is positive / phosphate is negative
4. calcium is negative / phosphate is positive
Which one of the following would have the greatest capacity to neutralize an acid?
1. a liquid with a very low pH
2. a liquid with a very high pH
3. a liquid that contains a high concentration of hydrogen ions
4. a liquid that contains a high concentration of sodium ions
5. a liquid that contains a high concentration of antioxidants
The chloride ions that are present in body fluids
1. have eight (8) electrons in each outer electron shell
2. contain more protons than electrons
3. contain more electrons than protons
4. both A. and B.
5. both A. and C.
Each glucose (blood sugar) molecule contains _?_ carbon atom(s) and a total of _?_ atoms.
1. 1 / 3
2. 4 / 12
3. 6 / 12
4. 6 / 24
5. 24 / hundreds of
A covalent bond is formed when
1. a salt is dissolved in water
2. a sugar is dissolved in water
3. one or more electrons transfer completely and permanently from one atom to another
4. one or more electrons are shared between atoms
Which of the following best describes the major role of glucose in human metabolism?
1. serves as an energy source
2. is a "building block" to produce triglycerides (fats)
3. is a "building block" to produce polypeptides (proteins)
4. is a "building block" to produce steroids (hormones, etc.)
Glycogen is
1. a fat, similar to starch
2. a polysaccharide, similar to fat
3. a polysaccharide, similar to starch
4. a hormone that lowers the blood sugar level
Which one of the following most easily passes through the "blood brain barrier?"
1. glucose
2. glycogen
3. trans fats
4. polyunsaturated fats
5. none of the above easily passes through the "blood brain barrier"
By definition, the category known as "lipids" includes...
1. molecules that are based on glucose
2. molecules that are based on amino acids
3. molecules that do not dissolve in water
4. molecules that are fully saturated with hydrogen
A "saturated fatty acid"
1. contains more hydrogen per carbon atom than does an unsaturated fatty acid
2. will remain liquid even at very low temperatures
3. both of the above
4. none of the above
The function of a protein is generally influenced by
1. whether it contains saturated or unsaturated fatty acids
2. whether it contains one or more than one type of amino acid
3. the shape of the protein molecule
4. all of the above may influence the function of a protein
Which one of the following lists contains steroids only?
1. testosterone, collagen, glycogen
2. cholesterol, insulin, testosterone
3. estrogens, progesterone, testosterone
4. cholesterol, triglycerides, saturated fatty acids
Ammonia and all amino acids contain the chemical element
1. sulfur (S)
2. nitrogen (N)
3. phosphorous (P)
4. both N and S
5. both S and P
Which one of the following has a "primary structure" that is based on information stored in DNA (genes)?
1. hormones
2. triglycerides
3. complex carbohydrates
4. polypeptides (proteins)
"Blood sugar" is
1. a monosaccharide
2. a disaccharide
3. a polysaccharide
4. a monounsaturated fatty acid
5. an amino acid without an "R" group
"Trans fats" are produced mainly when
1. a food manufacturer is attempting to remove all fat from their product
2. a food manufacturer is attempting to remove all refined sugar from their product
3. a food manufacturer is attempting to make the fat in their product more saturated (hydrogenated)
4. a food manufacturer is attempting to make the fat in their product less saturated (hydrogenated)