BMS100 Past Test Questions

BMS100 Past Test Questions
Chapter 19, Fall 2008
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Which one of the following is false?
1. The head of a sperm contains the nucleus of the cell.
2. The midpiece of the sperm contains the acrosome (sac of enzymes) needed for penetration of the "egg."
3. The "tail" of a sperm is a flagellum that contains microtubules used for "swimming."
Following their production in the testes, sperm are stored in the
1. epididymis
2. prostate gland
3. seminal vesicles
4. penis
In males, meiosis occurs in the
1. seminiferous tubules of the testes
2. interstitial cells of the testes
3. corpora cavernosa of the penis
4. all of the above
The primary reason for the "descent of the testes" is
1. to bring the testes closer to the penis so the sperm need not swim so far
2. to bring the testes into an environment with a slightly lower temperature
3. to create more room in the pelvic region for the kidneys, which are larger in males
4. none of the above (descended testes are abnormal and considered a birth defect)
Which one of the following is a relatively long muscular tube that "pushes" sperm from the region of the scrotum to the region behind the urinary bladder?
1. urethra
2. epididymis
3. vas deferens
4. seminiferous tubule
Which one of the following statements is true?
1. The male anatomy includes two (2) seminal vesicles and one (1) prostate gland.
2. The seminal vesicles produce a greater volume of seminal fluid than does the prostate gland.
3. Both of the above are true.
4. None of the above are true.
Which statement does not correctly apply to semen?
1. Semen pH is approximately 7.6.
2. Semen is alkaline (basic).
3. The pH of semen helps inhibit microorganisms such as bacteria in the reproductive tract.
4. Semen contains carbohydrates and other sperm nutrients.
Erection occurs mainly by dilation of the _?_ within the penis.
1. microtubules
2. blood vessels
3. seminal vesicles
4. seminiferous tubules
In females, meiosis begins
1. in the primordial follicles, prior to birth
2. in the primary follicles, after puberty
3. in the secondary follicles, after ovulation
4. in the corpus luteum, but only if fertilization occurs
The normal site of fertilization is the
1. ovarian follicle
2. uterine tube
3. uterus
4. vagina
How many chromosomes are normally present in a zygote?
1. 23
2. 46
3. 22 pair
4. depends on whether the zygote is a "genetic male" or a "genetic female"
Implantation refers to a process in which
1. sperm enter the cervical canal and wait there until an oocyte ("egg") is present
2. the head of a sperm penetrates the membranes surrounding an oocyte
3. a zygote contacts the mucus and cilia in a uterine tube
4. a 6-day old embryo attaches to and enters the endometrium of the uterus
The menses that are shed during menstruation consists mainly of deteriorated tissue from the
1. follicle walls
2. "functional layer" of the endometrium of the uterus
3. "basal layer" of the endometrium of the uterus
4. chorion that failed to implant
The pH in the vagina is favorable to
1. sperm
2. microorganisms
3. both of the above
4. none of the above
The "brain endocrine axis" that regulates many glands, including the ovaries and testes, includes the
1. cerebrum and exocrine glands
2. cerebellum and adrenal medulla
3. thalamus and posterior pituitary gland
4. hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland
Which one of the following is true?
1. Luteinizing hormone is produced in males, but not in females.
2. Follicle-stimulating hormone is produced in females, but not in males.
3. Through a process known as "negative feedback," high hormone levels typically lead to temporary inhibition ("shut down") of the gland that produces the hormone.
4. All of the above are true.
Which one of the following is true?
1. Testosterone and other androgens are directly responsible for development of the male reproductive system.
2. Gonadotropins are directly responsible for development of male secondary characteristics (deeper voice, facial hair, etc.).
3. Both of the above.
4. None of the above.
In females, gonadotropins are produced in the _?_, and estrogens are produced in the _?_.
1. ovaries / ovaries
2. ovaries / anterior pituitary gland
3. anterior pituitary gland / ovaries
4. anterior pituitary gland / anterior pituitary gland
Of the hormones on the following list, the one that begins increasing first in each ovarian cycle is
1. estrogen
2. progesterone
3. luteinizing hormone (LH)
4. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
The "LH surge" that triggers ovulation occurs at the end of _?_ of a 28 day cycle.
1. week one
2. week two
3. week three
4. week four
Following ovulation, progesterone
1. enables the uterus to receive an embryo
2. stimulates the pituitary gland to produce gonadotropins
3. both of the above
4. none of the above
In a woman who is not pregnant, menstruation is caused by
1. the LH surge
2. increasing GnRH
3. enlargement of the corpus luteum
4. decreasing ovarian hormones (progesterone, etc.)
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
1. causes menstruation so that a new uterine cycle can begin
2. is produced by an embryo during the early stages of pregnancy
3. prompts production of progesterone by the ovary
4. both B and C
The inhibitory effect of progesterone on the brain-endocrine axis
1. occurs prior to ovulation
2. is oriented toward blocking the start of a new cycle until the body "knows" if the woman is pregnant
3. occurs after ovulation but only if the woman is pregnant
4. is unnatural and occurs only in women taking oral contraceptives