BMS100 Past Test Questions
Chapter 17, Fall 2008

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1. The _?_ is/are located within or inside each kidney.
   1. ureters
   2. urethra
   3. renal tubules
   4. none of the above
   
   
2. It is the function of one _?_ to deliver blood under proper pressure to one nephron.
   1. ureter
   2. renal artery
   3. afferent arteriole
   4. proximal convoluted tubule
   
   
3. A glomerulus is
   1. the "inner" part of each renal corpuscle
   2. the "outer covering" of each renal corpuscle
   3. the first structure to receive urine as it is leaving a kidney
   4. a theoretical structure that has never been seen with any type of microscope
   
   
4. The renal tubules contain mainly
   1. adrenaline and noradrenaline precursors
   2. blood that is about to pass through a renal corpuscle
   3. blood that has recently passed through a renal corpuscle
   4. a fluid ("filtrate") that is transformed into urine
   
   
5. A glomerulus normally contains
   1. blood under relatively high pressure
   2. blood under relatively low pressure
   3. urine under relatively high pressure
   4. urine under relatively low pressure
   
   
6. The process that forces ammonia and urea out of blood is called
   1. filtration
   2. reabsorption
   3. secretion
   4. none of the above (there is no known process that forces ammonia and urea out of blood)
   
   
7. The renal filtrate normally does not contain
   1. large molecules such as protein
   2. valuable nutrients such as vitamin C
   3. ions (charged particles) such as sodium and chloride
   4. wastes such as ammonia and urea
   
   
8. The total amount of fluid filtered by the kidneys each day is
   1. approximately equal to the amount of blood in the body
   2. approximately equal to the amount of urine produced each day
   3. both of the above
   4. none of the above
   
   
9. Urine is composed mainly of water and
   1. sodium
   2. potassium
   3. urea
   4. amino acids
   
   
10. Approximately _?_% of the water, sodium and chloride that enters the renal tubules is reabsorbed rather than excreted.
    1. 1%
    2. 50%
    3. 99%
    4. 100%
    
    
11. The amount of urea in the blood is most directly related to the amount of _?_ in the diet.
    1. protein
    2. water-soluble vitamins
    3. fat-soluble vitamins
    4. saturated fat
    
    
12. Ammonia is
    1. produced during amino acid metabolism
    2. very toxic
    3. converted to urea in the liver
    4. all of the above
    
    
13. A(n) _?_ consists of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
    1. ureter
    2. kidney
    3. nephron
    4. adrenal gland
    
    
14. As sodium and chloride are reabsorbed by the renal tubules, osmosis causes the simultaneous reabsorption of
    1. urea
    2. water
    3. glucose
    4. protein
    
    
15. The kidneys excrete primarily any substance that is
    1. water soluble
    2. not filtered
    3. filtered and reabsorbed
    4. filtered and not reabsorbed