BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE 107 LAB: ORGAN SYSTEMS
Reference: McKinley & O'Laughlin, pp. 7-10
Graphics are accessible only while on the departmental Intranet.

Your lab assignment is to:
• work together to identify on models, microscope slides, charts, or cadaver specimens, the items listed below
• you may use your textbook or click on highlighted text (use Back button to return here)
• take good notes including sketches if appropriate
• the on-line images are intended as guides only -- be sure to study and sketch the microscope slides for they will be used on the quiz
• it is not necessary to visit the stations according to their numerical order

For the Lab Quiz, be able to:
• identify all organs, tissues and cells and other structures in the following listing; and
• identify the system to which any given organ belongs, and/or, list the major organs of all systems.

Note: This Lab Quiz will be “open notes” - you will be able to use any personal notes (papers) that you have in your possession, however,
you may not share notes nor use any book or computer.

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1. System = _________________________________________
   
   • on models, etc., identify: brain (including cerebrum & brainstem), spinal cord, spinal nerves, radial and ulnar nerves
   • in microscope, identify: neurons, cell bodies, dendrites, axons, neuroglia (“glial cells”)
   • Question: Which are usually most numerous and specialized for receiving nerve signals, dendrites, cell bodies, or axons?


2. System = _________________________________________
   
   • on models, etc., identify: heart, aorta, inferior vena cava, brachial artery, femoral vein
   • in microscope, identify: cardiac muscle fibers, intercalated discs
   • Question: What passes through intercalated discs and why are they present in cardiac muscle tissue?



3. System = _________________________________________
   
   • on models, etc., identify: larynx, trachea, primary bronchi, lungs
   • in microscope, (view trachea, not esophagus), identify: mucosa, lamina propria, cartilage with chondrocytes
   • Question: What is a "mucosa?"



4. System = _________________________________________
   
   • on models, etc., identify: deltoid, gluteus maximus, biceps brachii, biceps femoris
   • in microscope, identify: skeletal muscle fibers, striations
   • Question: What causes the "striped" pattern of striated muscle fibers?





5. System = _________________________________________
   
   • on models, etc., identify: kidneys including renal pyramids, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra (see on both male and female at Station 9)
   • in microscope, identify: glomeruli (glomerulus – sing.), renal tubules, lumens of renal tubules
   • Question: What is a "tubule" and what passes through the lumens of the renal tubules?



6. System = _________________________________________
   
   • on models, etc., identify: occipital bone, vertebra, humerus, femur
   • in microscope, identify: osteons, central canals, osteocytes
   • Question: Which one of the items on the list refers to "bone cells?"



7. System = _________________________________________
   
   • on models, etc., identify: stomach, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine
   • in microscope, identify: liver lobules, sinusoids, central veins, hepatocytes (in "hepatic cords")
   • Question: Translate "hepatocytes" into English and identify the fluid that passes through the sinusoids.



8. System = _________________________________________
   
   • on models, etc., identify: pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal gland, ovaries, testes
   • in microscope, identify: pancreatic acini, pancreatic islets
   • Question: Which pancreatic structures secrete hormones, the acini or the islets? Which structures secrete digestive fluids?



9. System = _________________________________________
   
   • on models, etc., identify: on models, etc., identify: (male) testes, ductus (vas) deferens, penis, urethra, accessory organs; (female) ovary, uterine tube, uterus, vagina
   • in microscope, identify: ovarian follicle, follicular cells, secondary oocyte, zona pellucida, antrum
   • Question: What are the functions of the "oocyte" and the "granulosa cells"?



10. System = _________________________________________
    
    • on models, etc., identify: tonsils, spleen, cervical, axillary, & inguinal lymph nodes
    • in microscope, identify: central arteries, white pulp, lymphocytes
    • Question: What is the function of lymphocytes and why are they so abundant in the spleen?



11. System = _________________________________________
    
    • on models, etc., identify: skin (including dermis and epidermis)
    • in microscope, identify: dermis, epidermis, stratum basale, papillae, subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)
    • Question: When viewing a micrograph of skin, how can you easily find the basement membrane ("boundary line") between the dermis and the epidermis?

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Fall 2008