Biomedical Science 107
Axial Skeleton I: Vertebral Column and Thoracic Cage

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VERTEBRAL COLUMN

• regions - Given one individual vertebra, be able to name the region from which it came.
  • cervical region (first cervical vertebra to seventh cervical vertebra)
    • atlas (first cervical vertebra)
    • axis (second cervical vertebra)
    • vertebra prominens (seventh cervical vertebra)
  • thoracic region (first thoracic vertebra to twelfth thoracic vertebra)
  • lumbar region (first lumbar vertebra to fifth lumbar vertebra)
  
  
• vertebra
  • body
  • vertebral arch
    • pedicle
    • lamina
  • spinous process
  • transverse process
  • vertebral foramen
  • superior articular process
    • superior articular facet
  • inferior articular process
    • inferior articular facet
  • transverse foramen (cervical vertebrae only)
  • costal facets / demifacets (thoracic vertebrae only) - not necessary to distinguish between facets and demifacets
  
  
• sacrum
  • base
  • apex
  • superior articular process / superior articular facet
  • promontory
  • sacral canal
  • median sacral crest
  • sacral hiatus
  • anterior sacral foramina
  • posterior sacral foramina
  • auricular surface
  
  
• coccyx
  
  
• other vertebral column features
  • curvatures
    • cervical curvature
    • thoracic curvature
    • lumbar curvature
    • sacral curvature
  • vertebral canal
  • intervertebral foramen
  • intervertebral disc
    • annulus fibrosis
    • nucleus pulposis

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THORACIC CAGE

• rib
  • head
  • neck
  • tubercle
  • angle
  • shaft
  
  
• sternum
  • manubrium
    • jugular notch (suprasternal notch)
  • sternal angle
  • body
  • xiphoid process
  
  
• other thoracic cage features
  • costal cartilage
    • common costal cartilage
  • true ribs (ribs 1-7)
  • false ribs (ribs 8-12)
    • floating ribs (ribs 11-12)

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Spring 2012