Biomedical Science 100 - Lower Appendicular Skeleton
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* For the Lab Quiz, be able to name any bone, bone part, or other skeletal feature on this list if tagged on a real bone specimen or model. *
The names of individual bones appear in bold.
The names of specific parts or features appear in italics.
Also be able to distinguish between bones from the right side and bones from the left side -- click here for a guide to "rights and lefts."
Reference: Shier et. al, Hole's Essentials, 9th. ed.
PELVIC GIRDLE - p. 151; Netter plates 342, 468
Each os coxae results from the fusion of three bones: the ilium, the ischium, and the pubis.
  • ilium
    • iliac crest
    • anterior superior iliac spine
    • posterior superior iliac spine
  • ischium
    • ischial tuberosity
  • pubis
  • additional pelvic girdle features
    • acetabulum
    • symphysis pubis
    • obturator foramen
    • sacroiliac joint
  • femur - p. 153; Netter plate 471
    • head
    • greater trochanter
    • lesser trochanter
    • gluteal tuberosity
    • medial condyle
    • lateral condyle

  • patella

  • tibia - p. 153; Netter plate 495
    • medial condyle
    • lateral condyle
    • tibial tuberosity
    • medial malleolus

  • fibula - p. 153; Netter plate 495
    • head
    • lateral malleolus

  • bones of the foot - p. 154; Netter plates 505-506
    • tarsals (7) - calcaneus, talus, plus five others
    • metatarsals (1-5)
    • phalanges (proximal phalanx, middle phalanx, distal phalanx)
BMS 100: LOWER APPENDICULAR MUSCLES
Reference: Shier et. al, Hole’s Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 9th. ed.
* For the Lab Quiz, be able to provide the name and action of any muscle on this list if tagged on a model or a cadaver. *


Muscles That Move The Thigh – Figs. 8.25–8.27; Netter plates 474, 477-478
Name Bone of Insertion      Action
psoas major               femur               flexes thigh
gluteus maximus femur                 extends thigh
gluteus medius femur            abducts thigh
adductor longus femur                 adducts & flexes thigh
adductor magnus femur                 adducts & extends thigh


Muscles That Move The Leg – Figs. 8.25–8.27

“quadriceps femoris” group - Netter plate 474
Name Bone of Insertion      Action
rectus femoris            tibia                   extends leg & flexes thigh
vastus lateralis            tibia                    extends leg
vastus medialis tibia                   extends leg
vastus intermedius tibia                   extends leg

“hamstring” group - Netter plate 477
Name Bone of Insertion      Action
biceps femoris           fibula                    extends thigh & flexes leg
semitendinosus tibia                   extends thigh & flexes leg
semimembranosus tibia                   extends thigh & flexes leg


Muscles That Move the Ankle, Foot and Toes – Figs. 8.28–8.30; Netter plates 498-503
Name Bone of Insertion      Action
tibialis anterior tarsals/metatarsals dorsiflexes & inverts foot
fibularis longus tarsals/metatarsals plantarflexes & everts foot
gastrocnemius            calcaneus plantarflexion
soleus                        calcaneus plantarflexion
flexor digitorum longus phalanges            flexes toes

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Fall 2009