BMS107 Past Test Questions
Chapter 19, Spring 2010
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  1. The palpebral conjunctiva is
    1. the junction between the sclera and the cornea
    2. the anterior edge of the retina
    3. a mucus membrane on the surface of an eyeball
    4. a mucus membrane on the surface of an eyelid

  2. What is the best description of the function of the nasolacrimal duct?
    1. absorb/reabsorb aqueous humor
    2. carry fluid from the lacrimal gland to the eye surface
    3. carry fluid from the eye surface to the nasal cavity
    4. carry fluid from the anterior cavity of the eye to the posterior cavity of the eye

  3. The "fibrous tunic" of the eye includes the
    1. sclera and the iris
    2. cornea and the iris
    3. iris and the choroid
    4. sclera and the cornea

  4. An important function of the cornea is to
    1. produce aqueous humor
    2. refract (bend) light rays for correct focus
    3. control the tension in the suspensory ligaments
    4. none of the above (the cornea serves only to protect the iris)

  5. Which part of the eyeball contains the greatest amount of dark pigment?
    1. iris
    2. choroid
    3. ciliary body
    4. pigmented layer of retina

  6. The suspensory ligaments connect the _?_ to the _?_.
    1. lens / iris
    2. iris / sclera
    3. iris / ciliary muscle
    4. lens / ciliary muscle

  7. When viewing a distant object,
    1. the ciliary muscle is contracted and the suspensory ligaments are tight
    2. the ciliary muscle is contracted and the suspensory ligaments are loose
    3. the ciliary muscle is relaxed and the suspensory ligaments are tight
    4. the ciliary muscle is relaxed and the suspensory ligaments are loose

  8. When external forces are removed from the lens, it tends to
    1. increase in curvature (become shorter and fatter)
    2. decrease in curvature (become taller and thinner)
    3. none of the above (the curvature of the lens is a constant)

  9. The sphincter pupillae (pupillary constrictor) is
    1. also known as the ciliary muscle
    2. a radial muscle located close to the perimeter of the iris
    3. a ring-shaped muscle located close to the center of the iris
    4. a ring-shaped muscle located close to the perimeter of the iris

  10. Electrical signals, once generated by photoreceptors, travel next to the _?_ and then to the _?_.
    1. rods / cones
    2. cones / rods
    3. bipolar cells / ganglion cells
    4. ganglion cells / bipolar cells

  11. In the nerve pathway from cones to the brain, there is _?_ convergence ("sharing" of neurons) than there is the nerve pathway from rods to the brain.
    1. more
    2. less
    3. the same amount of

  12. The fovea centralis of the retina contains large numbers of
    1. rods
    2. cones
    3. vessels
    4. axons of ganglion cells

  13. The axons of the "ganglion cells" of the retina
    1. synapse with the bipolar cells of the retina
    2. are connected to the vascular tunic at numerous microscopic locations
    3. are collected into the optic nerve of each eye
    4. enter the optic chiasm then pass to the retina of the opposite eye

  14. Which statement is true of the optic chiasm?
    1. it contains nuclei that are involved in subconscious visual processing
    2. it contains axons, approximately half of which "cross over" to the opposite optic tract
    3. it contains axons, all of which "cross over" to the opposite optic tract
    4. both A. and C.

  15. Which of the following contain aqueous humor?
    1. anterior chamber of anterior cavity
    2. posterior chamber of anterior cavity
    3. anterior and posterior chambers of anterior cavity
    4. posterior cavity (vitreous chamber)

  16. Intraocular pressure is maintained mainly by
    1. constant tension in extraocular muscles
    2. constant outward expansion of vitreous body
    3. constant production of lacrimal fluid
    4. constant production of aqueous humor

  17. The posterior cavity of the eye is filled mainly with
    1. photoreceptors
    2. dark pigment
    3. a gel
    4. a watery fluid

  18. The auditory tubes allow air to pass between the _?_ and the _?_.
    1. outer ear / inner ear
    2. middle ear / inner ear
    3. middle ear / pharynx
    4. cochlea / vestibular apparatus

  19. Are any of the ossicles in direct contact with the tympanic membrane ("eardrum")?
    1. Yes, the incus is in direct contact with the tympanic membrane.
    2. Yes, the stapes is in direct contact with the tympanic membrane.
    3. Yes, the malleus is in direct contact with the tympanic membrane.
    4. No, none of the ossicles are in direct contact with the tympanic membrane.

  20. The stapes is in direct contact with the _?_ and the _?_.
    1. incus and the malleus
    2. oval window and the incus
    3. round window and the incus
    4. round window and the oval window

  21. What factor increases the pressure of the vibrations received by the inner ear?
    1. The stapedius and tensor tympani contract when necessary to intensify the vibrations received by the inner ear.
    2. The energy of sound waves received by the eardrum (larger area) is concentrated onto the oval window (smaller area).
    3. Pressure can enter the middle ear via the auditory tube, when necessary, to intensify the vibrations received by the inner ear.
    4. The fluid "endolymph" is constantly produced in the middle ear cavity in order to increase the pressure of the vibrations received by the inner ear.

  22. It is a function of the _?_ to occasionally restrict the movement of one or more ossicles.
    1. "typo error" (not a viable choice)
    2. stapedius
    3. hair cells
    4. auditory tube
    5. vestibular apparatus

  23. The labyrinth of the ear includes
    1. all parts within the temporal bone
    2. all parts medial to the tympanic membrane
    3. all parts within the internal ear
    4. all parts involved in the sense of hearing

  24. The membranous labyrinth
    1. surrounds the bony labyrinth
    2. is within the bony labyrinth
    3. contains endolymph
    4. both A. and C.
    5. both B. and C.

  25. Hair cells
    1. are located in the cochlea and the vestibular apparatus
    2. generate electrical signals when physically deformed (compressed, bent, etc.)
    3. are connected to sensory neurons of CN VIII
    4. B. and C. only
    5. all of the above

  26. The _?_ contain(s) the hair cells that are involved in the sense of hearing.
    1. auditory tubes
    2. stapedius and tensor tympani
    3. spiral organ
    4. semicircular canals

  27. Which nerve is required for the sense of hearing?
    1. vestibular nerve (vestibular branch of VIII)
    2. cochlear nerve (cochlear branch of VIII)
    3. both of the above
    4. none of the above

  28. Prior to arriving in the cerebral cortex, auditory signals are subconsciously processed in the
    1. brainstem
    2. thalamus
    3. both of the above
    4. none of the above

  29. Otoliths ("ear stones")
    1. are the particles of which the ossicles are composed
    2. are involved in sensation of tilt of the head
    3. are involved in sensation of rotation of the head
    4. form as a result of repeated ear infections and may interfere with hearing

  30. The semicircular canals
    1. are located in the inner ear
    2. are considered part of the vestibular apparatus
    3. contain endolymph fluid
    4. all of the above
    5. none of the above

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