BMS107 Past Test Questions
Chapter 19, Spring 2009

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1. Which of the following is not usually considered one of the three layers, or tunics, of the eye?
   1. fibrous
   2. neural
   3. vascular
   4. conjunctival
   
   
2. The part of the eye with the greatest amount of dark pigment is the
   1. sclera
   2. retina
   3. choroid
   4. ciliary body
   
   
3. Which one of the following most closely surrounds the pupil?
   1. ciliary muscle
   2. sphincter pupillae ("pupillary constrictor")
   3. dilator pupillae ("pupillary dilator")
   4. scleral venous sinus
   
   
4. Rods and cones belong to the _?_ layer of the retina.
   1. pigmented
   2. bipolar cell
   3. photoreceptor
   4. ganglion cell
   
   
5. A ganglion cell axon that originates in the temporal ("lateral") portion of the retina will
   1. cross over in the optic chiasm then synapse in the thalamus
   2. pass through the optic chiasm without crossing then synapse in the thalamus
   3. cross over in the optic chiasm then pass through the thalamus without synapsing
   4. pass through the optic chiasm without crossing then pass through the thalamus without synapsing
   
   
6. The suspensory ligaments control the position and conformation of the
   1. cornea
   2. pupil
   3. lens
   4. vitreous body
   
   
7. The fovea centralis is noted for
   1. a high concentration of rods
   2. a high concentration of cones
   3. the presence of the optic nerve axons, which exclude rods and cones
   4. its ability to constantly produce aqueous humor
   
   
8. Aqueous humor is produced in the _?_, from which it flows to the _?_.
   1. ora serrata / scleral venous sinus
   2. anterior chamber / posterior chamber
   3. anterior chamber / / scleral venous sinus
   4. posterior chamber / anterior chamber
   
   
9. Of the three layers of the neural retina, the one that is intermediate is its position is the
   1. bipolar cell layer
   2. photoreceptor layer
   3. ganglion cell layer
   
   
10. Which one of the following occupies the greatest percentage of the posterior cavity of the eye?
    1. photoreceptors
    2. ganglion cell axons
    3. aqueous humor
    4. the vitreous body
    
    
11. The fluid known as endolymph is located
    1. in the anterior cavity of the eye
    2. in the posterior cavity of the eye
    3. inside the membranous labyrinth of the ear
    4. outside the membranous labyrinth of the ear
    
    
12. Collectively, the vestibule and semicircular canals compose an area called the
    1. spiral organ
    2. tympanic cavity
    3. vestibular complex
    4. membranous labyrinth
    
    
13. What structure most directly imparts vibrations to the inner ear?
    1. tympanic membrane
    2. auditory tube
    3. stapes
    4. stapedius
    
    
14. The oval window and the round window are located in the
    1. tympanic membrane
    2. bony labyrinth
    3. cochlear duct
    4. semicircular ducts
    
    
15. The _?_ contains receptors known as "hair cells."
    1. cochlea
    2. vestibular complex
    3. both of the above
    4. none of the above
    
    
16. Pressure equalization between the atmosphere and the tympanic (middle ear) cavity is a major function of the
    1. oval window
    2. round window
    3. auditory tube
    4. cochlear duct
    
    
17. The stapedius and tensor tympani are _?_ and their primary function is to _?_.
    1. bones / increase the force of vibrations
    2. muscles / increase the force of vibrations passing through the middle ear
    3. muscles / decrease the force of vibrations passing through the middle ear
    4. membranes / increase the force of vibrations passing through the inner ear
    
    
18. The vestibular nuclei are located in the _?_ and are involved in the sense of _?_.
    1. brainstem / hearing
    2. brainstem / equilibrium
    3. thalamus / hearing
    4. thalamus / equilibrium
    
    
19. Which one of the following is false?
    1. The cochlear duct is a part of the membranous labyrinth situated within the cochlea.
    2. The spiral organ is located within the cochlear duct and contains "hair cells" and "supporting cells."
    3. The hair cells of the cochlear duct have stereocilia that extend into the tectorial membrane.
    4. Cochlear nerve axons that originate in the cochlea pass directly to the auditory cortex without passing through or synapsing in any other part of the brain.
    
    
20. The cupula and the otolithic membrane are involved in
    1. increasing the pressure of vibrations entering the ear
    2. protection of the inner ear from excessively loud sound
    3. perception of tilt or rotation of the head
    4. production of endolymph