BMS100 Plus Hour Assignment - Renal System Physiology on PhysioEx
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  1. Go to the Biology Computer Lab, EBS 215. Click here to see this semester's Computer Lab hours.
  2. Start the PhysioEx software and make the following selections: Main Menu > Renal System Physiology

  3. Go to the Experiment menu and select Simulating Glomerular Filtration.
    1. "Afferent radius" (radius of afferent, or "incoming" arteriole) is preset to 0.50.
    2. "Efferent radius" (radius of efferent, or "outgoing" arteriole) is preset to 0.45.
    3. "Pressure" (mean arterial pressure) is present to 90 mm. Hg.
    4. Click Start and record the Glomerular Filtration Rate. This is the normal GFR.
      Question - What is the normal GFR (milliliters per minute)?
    5. Following massive blood loss, the body may enter a state of shock. Simulate shock by setting the parameters as follows: set "Afferent radius" to 0.25, set "Efferent radius" to 0.25, and set "Pressure" to 70 mm. Hg.
    6. Click Start and record the Glomerular Filtration Rate. This is the GFR while in a state of shock.
      Questions
      1. What is the GFR while in shock?
      2. Do you think that filtration will be adequate to purify blood under these conditions?

  4. Go to the Experiment menu and select Simulating Urine Formation
    1. The system is preset for Normal conditions.
    2. Press Start and wait for the "kidney" to filter all of the available blood.
    3. Click Record Data and answer the following questions.
      Under Normal conditions, what is the...
      1. Urine Volume?
      2. Urine Concentration?
      3. Potassium Concentration?
    4. Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that affects sodium and potassium levels in body fluids. Put the mouse on the bulb of the Aldosterone bottle and drag it to the opening to the left (you will see a red "halo" over part of the nephron if successful).
    5. Press Start, wait for the "kidney" to filter all of the available blood, click Record Data and answer the following questions.
      1. After adding aldosterone, what is the Potassium Concentration (in urine)?
      2. Does aldosterone raise or lower the conc. of potassium in blood?
    6. Antidiuretic hormone, or "ADH" is a pituitary hormone that is released when one is dehydrated. Put the mouse on the bulb of the ADH bottle and drag it up and to the opening (you will see a green "halo" over part of the nephron if successful).
    7. Press Start, wait for the "kidney" to filter all of the available blood, click Record Data and answer the following questions.
    8. After adding ADH
      1. What is the Urine Volume?
      2. What is the Urine Concentration?
    9. If ADH levels are abnormally low, as in some types of endocrine disease or after consuming alcohol or caffeinated beverages,
      1. what happens to the volume of urine produced?
      2. What happens to the concentration of the urine produced?

  5. Submit the correct answers to the following questions via e mail or on paper. If using e mail:
    1. Go into your e mail software and create a new message.
    2. In the subject line, put one of the following:
      • Mbms100renal if you are enrolled in the Monday lab
      • Wbms100renal if you are enrolled in the Wednesday lab
      • THbms100renal if you are enrolled in the Thursday lab
    3. Copy the following list of questions and paste them into the body of the e mail message.

      1. Your full name and lab section
      2. What is the normal GFR (milliliters per minute)?
      3. a. What is the GFR while in shock?
      b. Do you think that filtration will be adequate to purify blood under these conditions?
      4. Under Normal conditions, what is the...
      a. Urine Volume?
      b. Urine Concentration?
      c. Potassium Concentration?
      5. a. After adding aldosterone, what is the Potassium Concentration (in urine)?
      b. Does aldosterone raise or lower the conc. of potassium in blood?
      6. After adding ADH, what is the...
      a. Urine Volume?
      b. Urine Concentration?
      7. If ADH levels are abnormally low, as in some types of endocrine disease or after consuming alcohol or caffeinated beverages...
      a. what happens to the volume of urine produced?
      b. what happens to the concentration of the urine produced?

    4. Type in your answers to the questions.
    5. Send the e mail to connell@sbcc.edu
    6. Also send a copy to yourself as a "receipt" and keep this receipt until credit is posted.
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Fall 2010